In the cosmetics industry, ensuring that a product is safe is not enough on its own. Brands must also have complete documentation proving safety and regulatory compliance. The two most frequently requested documents in a compliance file are the Safety Data Sheet (SDS) and the IFRA Certificate. While they serve different purposes, together they help reduce risk across the entire supply chain, from manufacturers to distributors.
What Is An SDS And When Is It Required?
An SDS is a legally required document in the EU and the United Kingdom under CLP and REACH regulations for substances and mixtures classified as hazardous. Most finished cosmetic products are not considered hazardous when sold to consumers, so an SDS is not always mandatory. However, when it comes to raw materials, intermediate products, or bulk formulas, the SDS often becomes essential.
SDS documentation is required in cases such as:
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When a raw material or ingredient is classified as hazardous under CLP
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When a substance meets PBT or vPvB criteria
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When a substance appears on the candidate list for authorisation
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When a mixture is not classified as hazardous but contains hazardous components above defined thresholds
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When an intermediate product or bulk formula falls under CLP hazard classification
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When certain cosmetic products, such as hair dyes, nail products, or alcohol-based sprays, meet CLP hazard criteria
The primary role of the SDS is to provide standardised safety information to everyone involved in handling the material throughout production, storage, and transport. It covers composition, hazard identification, safe use, storage conditions, transport requirements, and emergency measures.
In practice, an SDS may still be requested even when it is not strictly a legal requirement, particularly during shipping and warehousing. Logistics providers and warehouse operators often require written confirmation that a product does not pose a hazard, along with clear instructions for safe transport and handling.
Documentation requirements may also vary by region. UK REACH and GB CLP apply in England, Scotland, and Wales, while EU REACH and EU CLP apply in Northern Ireland. Within the EU, national language requirements must also be considered when preparing SDS documentation for the destination country.
What Does An IFRA Certificate Provide?
An IFRA Certificate confirms that a fragrance composition complies with IFRA standards and does not exceed the maximum permitted concentration levels defined for each product category. This certificate is widely requested, particularly for perfumes, fragrance compounds, and essential oil blends supplied to cosmetic manufacturers.
In safety assessments, the IFRA Certificate serves as an important verification tool, ensuring that fragrance concentration and the relevant product category are properly documented.
For companies developing custom fragrance or essential oil blends, checking IFRA limits during the formulation stage helps ensure that allergens and restricted substances remain within acceptable boundaries. This reduces the likelihood of reformulation later and supports a smoother and faster safety assessment process.
